ChemistryCode 5070
Fuels
What this topic asks you to be able to do
- Name coal, natural gas and petroleum as the three fossil fuels
- Name methane as the compound that makes up most of natural gas
- State that a hydrocarbon is a compound made of only carbon and hydrogen
- State that a mixture of hydrocarbons makes up petroleum
- Describe the way petroleum is divided into useful fractions using fractional distillation
- Describe how the properties of petroleum fractions change from the bottom of the fractionating column to its top, limited to: (a) chain length decreases (b) volatility gets higher (c) boiling points get lower (d) viscosity gets lower
- Name what each fraction is used for: (a) the refinery gas fraction, gas for heating and cooking (b) the gasoline/petrol fraction, fuel for cars (c) the naphtha fraction, chemical feedstock (d) the kerosene/paraffin fraction, jet fuel (e) the diesel oil/gas oil fraction, fuel for diesel engines (f) the fuel oil fraction, fuel for ships and for heating homes (g) the lubricating oil fraction, lubricants, waxes and polishes (h) the bitumen fraction, road making