ChemistryCode 9701
Acyl chlorides
What this topic asks you to be able to do
- state the methods (reagents and conditions) for making acyl chlorides: carboxylic acids heated with PCl₃, carboxylic acids treated with PCl₅, or carboxylic acids treated with SOCl₂
- describe the reactions that acyl chlorides undergo in the following cases: water added at room temperature, giving the carboxylic acid and HCl; an alcohol reacting at room temperature to make an ester and HCl; phenol reacting at room temperature to make an ester and HCl; ammonia reacting at room temperature to make an amide and HCl; a primary or secondary amine reacting at room temperature to make an amide and HCl
- describe how acyl chlorides undergo the addition–elimination mechanism in the reactions of 33.3.2(a)–(e)
- account for how comparatively easily hydrolysis occurs in acyl chlorides, alkyl chlorides and halogenoarenes (aryl chlorides)